{"id":4624,"date":"2020-10-12T20:40:38","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T00:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/?p=4624"},"modified":"2020-10-12T20:40:38","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T00:40:38","slug":"factum-of-dr-james-sears-appeal-against-conviction-sentence-under-sec-319-canadas-hate-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/?p=4624","title":{"rendered":"Factum of Dr. James Sears, Appeal Against Conviction &#038; Sentence Under Sec. 319 &#8212; Canada&#8217;s Hate Law"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"913\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/SEARS-AND-ST.-GERMAINE-2-913x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4625\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/SEARS-AND-ST.-GERMAINE-2-913x1024.jpg 913w, https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/SEARS-AND-ST.-GERMAINE-2-267x300.jpg 267w, https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/SEARS-AND-ST.-GERMAINE-2-768x862.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/SEARS-AND-ST.-GERMAINE-2.jpg 1375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 913px) 100vw, 913px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ONTARIO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(Toronto Region)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BETWEEN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Respondent<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&#8211; and &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>JAMES SEARS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Appellant<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>APPELLANT&#8217;S\nFACTUM<em><br>\n<br>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dr. James N. Sears<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6 Kew Beach Avenue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Upper Floor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toronto, ON<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M4L 1B7<br>\n<br>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Email: <a href=\"mailto:leader@NCparty.ca\">leader@NCparty.ca<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tel: 416.488.6142<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>APPELLANT&#8217;S FACTUM &#8211; TABLE\nOF CONTENTS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_1pvhzoobp8ed\"><strong>PART I:\n STATEMENT OF THE CASE<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_woxm9vp5ewpp\"><strong>PART II:\n SUMMARY OF THE FACTS<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_qfc6ue1h82k9\">A. CROWN\u2019S\n EVIDENCE<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_g0q719r2ygdq\">i. Expert<\/a>\n Evidence of Derek Penslar&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_w2lidqxnvxrr\">ii. Expert<\/a>\n Evidence of Janine Benedet&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 13<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_p5njk9pp07rl\">iii. Robert<\/a>\n James Interrupts Penslar&#8217;s Testimony&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 14<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_4nrn82mlkzk4\">iv. Evidence<\/a>\n of Detective Bisla&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_xl1cnk4162bk\">B. DEFENCE\n EVIDENCE<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_j7iviorj0zrr\">C.\n SUBMISSIONS BY CROWN COUNSEL<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D. SUBMISSIONS BY DEFENCE COUNSEL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_j9ec9sh4z6ty\">E. TRIAL\n JUDGE\u2019S COMMENTS<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_j9ec9sh4z6ty\">F. TRIAL\n JUDGE\u2019S DECISION<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_urkn111ir2ri\"><strong>PART III &#8211;\n ISSUES AND THE LAW<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_gsmbeb82rl8v\">A. THE LAW<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_htn0719x01sd\">i.<\/a>\n Promotion of Hatred&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_t10ugke6qw1p\">ii.\n Unreasonable Verdict<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_gvsto1ky6anr\">iii.\n Insufficient Reasons<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_wzesshr3mbma\">iv. <\/a>Misapprehension\n of Evidence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_sskrt02k1dge\">B. ANALYSIS<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_1iszbwj29gfm\">C. SUMMARY<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_oul9eoonavzv\"><strong>PART IV &#8211;\n ORDER REQUESTED<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 29<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_bh0xzsg5m232\"><strong>PART V &#8211;\n TIME ESTIMATES<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 30<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ywfh9bep0gwz\"><strong>SCHEDULE A:\n AUTHORITIES CITED<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 30<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_b3hnpcwanzc8\"><strong>SCHEDULE B:\n LEGISLATION CITED<\/strong><\/a><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 30<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&nbsp;<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART I: STATEMENT OF THE\nCASE<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>The Appellant was charged with\ntwo counts of \u201cwilful promotion of hatred\u201d, one for Jews and one for women, for\nbeing Editor-In-Chief of 19 editions of Aboriginal-owned, anti-Marxist,\nsatirical community newspaper \u201cYour Ward News\u201d, from May 2015 to Fall 2017. The\ncharge included two editions that pre-dated The Appellant\u2019s work at YWN (March\n2015 &amp; April 2015).<\/li><li>On August 15, 2018, The\nAppellant consented to adding the 3 newest editions of YWN to the information\n(total 22) in response to the AG consenting to extend charges to Summer 2018.<\/li><li>On August 29, 2018, a \u201cprior\ndiscreditable conduct\u201d hearing was held before Justice Blouin. On September 19,\n2018, he issued a curt, declarative email ruling most of the Crown\u2019s materials admissible,\nincluding 1. Website, blog &amp; Twitter (though The Appellant\u2019s authorship was\nunconfirmed) and 2. A document alluding to two 1992 convictions for sexual\nassault (even though The Crown and The Appellant\u2019s counsel, Mr. Dean Embry,\nknew CPIC was clear).<\/li><li>From the outset The Appellant\nand Mr. Embry agreed their defence would be robust, with several expert &amp;\nfact witnesses and a meticulous evocation of <em>Section 319(3) (a) (b) (c) <\/em>defences. Subsequently Embry, through several\nemails, phone calls &amp; brief chats outside the courtroom during recesses, gaslighted\nand strong-armed The Appellant into agreeing to not call a case.<\/li><li>A trial was held in the Ontario\nCourt of Justice, Justice Blouin presiding. On December 4, 2018, The Crown\nrested their case. Mr. Embry informed The Appellant that The Crown withdrew\nexculpatory videos from evidence, including a crucial August 21, 2017 interview\ntitled <strong>\u201cThe Art of Trolling with Dr.\nJames Sears\u201d<\/strong> (embedded on the YWN website almost 3 months before charges\nwere laid) that contradicts the <em>mens rea<\/em>.\nThe YWN website stayed in evidence to capture the electronic editions of YWN,\nbut that video was selectively-excluded from website evidence.<\/li><li>The Appellant tried to convince\nMr. Embry to reconsider not calling a case because the exculpatory video was no\nlonger in evidence. He refused. The Appellant advised Mr. Embry to argue in his\nclosing arguments that this video was a <em>de\nfacto<\/em> extension of the paper, as it was embedded in the YWN website; and\nalso because The Appellant directed readers to view it in his \u201cMessage From Our\nEditor-In-Chief\u201d in the Fall 2017 Edition of YWN. Embry refused. <\/li><li>Counter to what was agreed\nupon, rather than robustly invoking <em>Section\n319(3)<\/em> defences for each YWN excerpt in The Crown\u2019s case, Mr. Embry refused\nto do more than merely gloss over <em>Section\n319(3)<\/em> in his closing arguments, claiming The Crown would approach their\ncase \u201cgenerally\u201d and not create a laundry list of cherry-picked offensive excerpts\nfrom YWN.<\/li><li>Embry received The Crown\u2019s\nclosing arguments, including a laundry list of cherry-picked excerpts.\nBlindsided, on December 12, 2018 he requested more time to prepare arguments,\nwas granted an extension, but ignored The Appellant\u2019s repeated demands to robustly\napply <em>Section 319(3)<\/em> defences and clearly\nevoke exculpatory passages for each cherry-picked one.<\/li><li>During January 16, 2019 closing\narguments, Justice Blouin learned The Crown withdrew exculpatory videos from\nevidence, thought it was a mistake and expressed surprise. On January 24, 2019,\nThe Appellant was convicted on both counts and His Honour released written\nreasons. <\/li><li>On April 26, 2019 The Appellant\nrequested one hour for his allocution. Justice Blouin was annoyed, fidgety and\nverbally agitated. He ordered a recess so Mr. Embry could constrain The\nAppellant. Upon return, The Appellant, flustered and disorganized after being\ndressed down, delivered a fragment of his allocution. The Appellant said he\nwould speak with Embry about filing further materials. Justice Blouin asked Embry\nif those materials would be filed, and without even consulting The Appellant or\nseeing the materials, Embry said it was \u201cvery unlikely\u201d. <\/li><li>During The Appellant\u2019s\ntruncated allocution, which took place <strong>BEFORE<\/strong>\nsubmissions were closed, he was able to make reference to most of the violations\nof his constitutional rights, exclusion of the key exculpatory video from\nevidence, and various other legal arguments. So The Appellant was in the door\nwith notice of those materials before it was closed by Justice Blouin.<\/li><li>On April 27, 2019, Warren &amp;\nLisa Kinsella, the key complainants, uploaded a podcast boasting Detective\nBisla was their \u201cfriend\u201d. Bisla assembled police reports to present to the AG to\nobtain consent for charges. The reports and victim\/community impact statements\ngathered by her also factored into His Honour\u2019s verdict and sentencing. The Appellant\nsent the podcast to Mr. Embry, instructing him to inform Justice Blouin so Bisla\ncould be examined on it. He refused. <\/li><li>On May 10, 2019, The Appellant instructed\nMr. Embry to submit two constitutional challenges. The first directly challenged\n<em>Section 319(2)<\/em> based on new research in\nBehavioural Neuropsychology. The second was related to a violation of The Appellant\u2019s\n11(f) right to a jury trial based on the recent <em>Peers<\/em> decision from the Alberta Court of Appeal, upheld by the\nSupreme Court. These constitutional challenges were briefly discussed with Embry\nseveral months earlier. Embry refused. The Appellant asked that they appear\nbefore His Honour ASAP to dismiss him.<\/li><li>On May 27, 2019, Mr. Embry\u2019s\nfirst available date, The Appellant dismissed him and told Justice Blouin about\nconstitutional challenges, further sentencing materials and other motions Embry\nrefused to submit. Sentencing was put off from May 31 to July 15, 2019, to\nmatch the Co-Appellant\u2019s next date. His Honour told The Appellant to submit further\nmaterials by June 15, 2019. The Appellant waived his 11(b) rights only\nfor the 45 day delay in sentencing. <\/li><li>During the May 27, 2019 court\nappearance, The Appellant also informed the court of the Kinsellas\u2019 podcast.\nWithin hours it was deleted (first podcast the Kinsellas ever deleted). Only\nThe Appellant, The Crown, Justice Blouin and court staff were in that courtroom.\nThe Appellant suspects The Crown directed the Kinsellas to eliminate the\nproblematic podcast.<\/li><li>On June 17, 2019 (June 15 was a\nSaturday), The Appellant submitted a 79 page omnibus document of unperfected\nsubmissions and motion requests (violations of his constitutional rights, the\nbasis for his claim of \u201cineffective representation\u201d, reasons for asking His\nHonour to re-open sentencing submissions, and various other motions) with\npreliminary case law cited to back it up. It clearly stated that none of\nthe motions had yet been perfected and upon Justice Blouin agreeing to re-open\nsubmissions, perfected materials would be submitted to the court forthwith. <\/li><li>On June 27, 2019, The Crown\nemailed a response to The Appellant\u2019s omnibus document to Justice Blouin &amp; Co-Appellant\u2019s\ncounsel, but did not cc The Appellant, who was emailed after the fact. The Crown\nclaimed it was an \u201coversight\u201d. The Appellant emailed the Crown reiterating that\nhis submissions were unperfected and requesting that The Crown appear with him\nbefore Justice Blouin forthwith in order to set a timetable. The request was\nignored. <\/li><li>On July 15, 2019, The Appellant\nappeared before a visibly-frustrated, rushed-sounding Justice Blouin. Clearly\nannoyed, he curtly ruled he would only hear the ineffective representation motion,\nsummarily dismissed all the other motions (including the request to re-open\nsentencing submissions) and asked for details on the expert &amp; fact\nwitnesses Mr. Embry refused to put forth, ruling they would be treated as\n\u201cfresh evidence\u201d (he released sparse written reasons). He said he was\n\u201cretiring\u201d at the end of August 2019. (he likely was trying to clear his\ncases before then)<\/li><li>On July 15, 2019, at The\nCo-Appellant\u2019s sentencing hearing Justice Blouin spontaneously suggested mediation\nto mitigate his sentence (His Honour is a well-known advocate of mediation, has\nsat on mediation committees and been interviewed by media about mediation, even\nfor the worst of violent offenders). Then he aggressively offered to assist The\nCrown and Co-Appellant\u2019s counsel in finding a mediator, but never once extended\nthe same offer to The Appellant!<\/li><li>On July 18, 2019, The Appellant\nforwarded Judicial Assistant Patricia Palmer threatening new voicemails from YWN\u2019s\nformer graphic artist Robert James Orr (schizotypal personality disorder,\nviolent meth head) and an explanation of their significance to sentencing. Obsessed\nwith The Appellant\u2019s wife &amp; child, Orr said if The Appellant was incarcerated\nhe would terrorize his family. The threats were credible as he was arrested for\nuttering death threats while vandalizing The Appellant\u2019s wife\u2019s car twice\nat their home, the second time arrested at gunpoint, armed with a big knife whilst\non bail from the first attack. He had just received absolute discharges on both\ncounts! Palmer refused to inform His Honour so he could make a legal ruling\nuntil The Crown gave her permission! The Crown mischaracterized it as solely\na police matter and blocked the email. Orr was a Crown witness but not\ncalled for obvious reasons (he created most of YWN\u2019s graphics, was <em>de facto<\/em> Editor-In-Chief for the March &amp;\nApril 2015 Editions (the first two in evidence), and would testify that no\nprivate emails in his possession supported the <em>mens rea<\/em>).<\/li><li>August 1 &amp; 22, 2019 were dates\nfor the ineffective representation motion. On August 1<sup>st<\/sup> Justice\nBlouin became extremely agitated and fidgety; then in a pressured, frustrated\ntone, he lambasted The Appellant &amp; The Crown for not submitting sworn\naffidavits to him. Exasperated, he claimed he demanded them at the July 15<sup>th<\/sup>\ndate. <strong>However, the transcript clearly\nshows he was confused as affidavits were just generally discussed and there was\nno timetable set. <\/strong><\/li><li>Over The Appellant\u2019s repeated denials,\non dates from July 15, 2019 onwards (no room in factum to list them off) an\nenraged Justice Blouin confronted The Appellant on an accusation that Mr. Embry\n\u201cthrew the case\u201d, clearly based on an out-of-context media quote His Honour read.<\/li><li>On August 22, 2019, His Honour stunned\nThe Appellant and Crown as he cut off Jamie Klukach mid-word, claimed he could\nrule on the ineffective representation motion merely on The Appellant\u2019s sworn\naffidavit, briefly let The Appellant speak and summarily dismissed the motion. He\nignored The Appellant\u2019s written response to Embry\u2019s affidavit and his repeated demands\nto examine Embry on its veracity and crucial omissions. Then appearing\nrelieved, His Honour quickly delivered a 6 month sentence on each count, consecutively.\n&nbsp;The Appellant thought that day was dedicated\nto the motions hearing, did not expect to be sentenced, and did not put his\naffairs in order. He was cuffed and led out. Reasons for the sentence and\ndismissing the motion were released shortly thereafter. On August 27, 2019,\nafter The Appellant spent 6 consecutive days in \u201cfull lockdown\u201d in the South\nDetention Centre (no showers or phone privileges), the first day in solitary\nconfinement due to a bed shortage, he was released on \u201cbail pending appeal\u201d.<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against both\nconvictions and submits that the trial judge erred by:<ol><li>providing grossly insufficient\nreasons for either conviction;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>exhibiting a reasonable\napprehension of bias;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>misapplying the presumption of\ninnocence;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>misapplying proper procedures;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>admitting evidence that ought\nto have been excluded;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>ignoring exculpatory evidence\nin the form of a video interview;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>acting unfairly and against the\nprinciples of natural justice by not allowing The Appellant to provide further,\nfulsome sentencing submissions, considering his counsel was dismissed partially\nfor this reason and his scheduled sentencing date was weeks away; <\/li><\/ol><ol><li>displaying a clear\nmisapprehension and unreasonable findings of fact at trial;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>drawing unreasonable conclusions\nfrom the evidence at trial;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>contradicting himself in\nregards to requiring expert testimony to reach his verdict;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>denying The Appellant his Common\nLaw right to fully allocute;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to consider inferences\navailable from Crown evidence that raised reasonable doubt;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to note the absence of\nevidence with respect to an essential element of the offence of \u201cpromotion of\nhatred\u201d: proof of \u201cwilful\u201d intent, thereby rendering an unreasonable\nverdict;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>declaring The Appellant more\nculpable than his Co-Appellant whilst failing to explain why that was so when two\nantedated editions of YWN had already established a clear pattern which his\nCo-Appellant, in his police interview, admitted he had the final say in;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to provide The\nAppellant with a reasonable opportunity to submit perfected materials with\nrespect to two constitutional challenges;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>summarily dismissing an\nineffective representation motion that needed further investigation and analysis,\nwhilst ignoring The Appellant\u2019s submission that his acquiescence to and support\nof Embry\u2019s inept strategy arose out of him being misled and gaslighted;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>acting unfairly &amp; against\nthe principles of natural justice by not allowing The Appellant to examine Mr.\nEmbry on his affidavit to settle the accusation of off-the-record gaslighting;<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction on both counts and submits that he received ineffective\nrepresentation from counsel;<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction on both counts and submits that Justice Blouin should have\npermitted fresh evidence to be heard;<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction on both counts and submits that because in his reasons Justice\nBlouin declared that The Appellant deserved 36 months in custody, far above the\nsummary maximum, His Honour had a public duty (NOT a choice) as\nevidenced by case law provided to him by The Appellant, to fulfil The\nAppellant\u2019s request to set aside his guilty verdict, declare the trial a\npreliminary hearing, and set the matter down for trial at Superior Court;<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction on both counts and submits that he was the victim of an egregious,\nsystematic and cumulative abuse of process that violates the fundamental\nprinciples of justice underlying the community\u2019s sense of fair play and decency\nbecause:<\/li><li>The Crown\u2019s summary election\nwas disingenuous and merely meant to deny The Appellant the benefit of a jury\ntrial, thereby excluding community input from a case which The Crown itself\nframed as a community-based offense of wide scope and breadth;<\/li><li>The Crown elected to\nfractionate the charge into two, one for each protected group, in tandem with the\nsummary election, in order to circumvent the summary sentencing limits;<\/li><li>Realizing that by proceeding\nsummarily the information would only capture 6 months of activity (just the\nSummer 2017 and Fall 2017 Edition), the Crown misrepresented the inaugural information\nas one continuous transaction from March 2015 to Fall 2017;<\/li><li>Knowing The Appellant\u2019s CPIC\nwas clear, The Crown inappropriately submitted a document alluding to prior\nconvictions solely to sneak in \u201cbad character\u201d evidence; in the alternative, if\nthis Honourable Court feels the onus was on Mr. Embry to have fought to exclude\nit, this fact should be considered in the ineffective representation motion;<\/li><li>The Crown choosing at the last\nminute to not lead evidence composed of exculpatory videos, after having for\nmonths misled The Defence into thinking the videos were entered into permanent evidence\nby way of the \u201cPrior Discreditable Conduct\u201d package and YWN website, was\nwanton, high-handed and unfair. The videos were the only materials\neliminated from the PDC package and the only key element excluded from\nthe website;<\/li><li>Judicial Assistant Patricia\nPalmer and Assistant Crown Attorney Erica Whitford censored Justice Blouin\u2019s\nemail in order to ensure that sentencing submissions were not re-opened;<\/li><li>His comments suggest Justice\nBlouin\u2019s retirement date affected his decisions, causing him to summarily\ndismiss several merit-worthy motions, accompanied by sparse reasons, because he\nhad \u201cheard enough\u201d and could not be bothered to put forth any more effort;<\/li><li>Two key complainants boasted\nabout a personal relationship with the lead detective, and upon it being exposed,\ndestroyed audio evidence forthwith, making it clear they knew the relationship\nwas inappropriate; Detective Bisla should have been examined on it;<\/li><li>Justice Blouin refusing to hear\nfurther sentencing submissions was patently unfair since 1. He knew The\nAppellant dismissed his counsel primarily for refusing to tender these\nsubmissions 2. The Appellant informed His Honour of them before submissions\nwere closed (while wrapping up his allocution) 3. His Honour knew these\nsubmissions were in lieu of a full allocution; 4. Sentencing was several weeks\naway;<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against both\nsentences and submits that the trial judge erred by:<ol><li>failing to allow The Appellant\nto tender further, fulsome sentencing submissions;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>misapplying <em>Section 718(2)(a)(i)<\/em>, as Parliament\nnever meant it to redundify <em>Section 319<\/em>;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>overemphasizing the # of problematic\npassages from YWN per timeframe in contrast to the # per timeframe\nin other cases cited by the court, by not considering the sheer volume of materials\nfrom which and time period over which YWN passages were cherry-picked; <\/li><\/ol><ol><li>underemphasizing that the\ngravity of supposed \u201chate\u201d in every single cherry-picked YWN passage was by far\non the lowest end of the scale in contrast to every case cited;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to consider The\nAppellant\u2019s lack of previous convictions for crimes of a \u201chateful\u201d nature, in\nstark contrast to most other cases cited by the court;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to consider that The\nAppellant posed <strong>ZERO RISK<\/strong> if\nhis sentence was served in the community, as he voluntarily sealed the\ncriminalized editions of YWN from public view immediately after Justice\nBlouin\u2019s unexpected verdict;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to consider that due to\novercrowding and guard shortages, it is not in the public interest or fair to\nother prisoners in relation to resource management, to incarcerate non-violent,\nlow risk \u201cThought Criminals\u201d who are no threat to the public;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>failing to consider that The\nAppellant had a right to be treated at least equally to his more culpable Co-Appellant,\nby not having applied phantom <em>Gladue<\/em>\nprovisions to him in order to avoid a judicial apartheid (plus Sears looks\nmore Aboriginal than St. Germaine, lol);<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>Spontaneously &amp;\nenthusiastically suggesting the more culpable Co-Appellant could potentially\nmitigate his sentence through mediation with his \u201cvictims\u201d then aggressively &amp;\njoyfully offering to assist The Crown &amp; Co-Appellant\u2019s counsel in finding a\nmediator, whilst not offering such mediation to The Appellant.<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>imposing a custodial sentence <strong>AS IF<\/strong> The Appellant posed a\npublic threat, whilst ignoring The Crown\u2019s repeated demands to ban YWN, ban The\nAppellant from making public statements denigrating women or Jews, sentence him\nto a long probation, etc., because His Honour trusted The Appellant did <strong>NOT<\/strong> pose a public threat;<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction and his sentence on both counts based on any arguments common to\nhim and his Co-Appellant as put forth by his Co-Appellant\u2019s counsel.<\/li><li>The Appellant appeals against\nhis conviction and his sentence on both counts based on all arguments made and\nauthorities cited in The Appellant\u2019s: <ol><li>79 page omnibus document of\nunperfected submissions;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>29 page rebuttal to The Crown\u2019s\nresponse to the omnibus document;<\/li><\/ol><ol><li>15 page response to the\naffidavit of Dean Embry.<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART II: SUMMARY OF THE FACTS<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>On May 26, 2016,\nin response to heavy lobbying by several political entities headed or\ninfluenced by Liberal Strategists Warren &amp; Lisa Kinsella, a Liberal Cabinet\nMinister overseeing Canada Post issued a rare executive order revoking The\nAppellant\u2019s and Co-Appellant\u2019s mailing rights, specifically to hinder delivery\nof YWN. The Appellants exercised their right to have a \u201cBoard of Review\u201d investigate\nthe Minister\u2019s order. The Minister got to pick the board members. <\/li><li>On November\n2, 2017, The Board issuing a preliminary decision in\nfavour of The Appellants, citing that The Minister provided no evidence of\n\u201chate speech\u201d (she merely claimed <strong>ALL<\/strong>\nof YWN was problematic). On at least 3 separate occasions before that date, Canada\nPost lawyers reviewed YWN and determined it did not contain \u201chate speech\u201d. At\nleast twice before that date, a police spokesman declared to media that YWN had\nbroken no laws. <\/li><li>Within days of The Appellants\u2019\nexoneration, political lobby groups headed or influenced by Warren &amp; Lisa Kinsella,\nlobbied Ontario\u2019s Liberal AG to find a way to stop YWN (both the Kinsellas and federal\/provincial\nLiberal Parties, were frequent targets of YWN\u2019s political satire). On November\n10, 2017, the AG consented to two charges of \u201cpromotion of hatred\u201d, one for\nJews and one for women (the latter specifically championed by Lisa Kinsella),\ncapturing all editions of YWN dating back to March 2015, including editions cleared\nby Canada Post lawyers.<\/li><li>Though from\nthe outset The Crown framed it as a \u201ccommunity values\u201d case involving a heinous\nand widespread dissemination of \u201chate speech\u201d impacting most of the Southern\nOntario region, they elected to proceed summarily. A trial by judge alone began on November 28, 2018, with The Crown\u2019s\nevidentiary portion lasting approx. 4 days; The Defence called no case. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. CROWN\u2019S EVIDENCE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">i. Expert Evidence of Derek Penslar (just some examples)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cSo Chateau Rothschild Essence\nd&#8217;Enfant. So it&#8217;s essence of child, so it&#8217;s the child&#8217;s blood and then 1948 was\nthe Star of David. The Star of David therefore showing that it&#8217;s Jewish, and 1948\nwas the year in which the State of Israel was created. So this is a direct\nborrowing of a famous anti-Semitic trope going back to the 12th Century that\nJews ritually murder children, and in the Christian tradition the accusation\nwas that Jews murder the children and they actually drink the blood.\u201d\nTranscript, Nov 28, 2018, p 33, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cThat in the 1970&#8217;s the Bank of\nCanada which previously had been able to provide money at low interest rates\nwas forced to give up that practice. The government had to borrow at much\nhigher interest rates thus ruining the Canadian economy and the accusation in\nYour Ward News is that this practice was the result of influence from\nRothschild, that is a Jewish conspiracy. There is no evidence. There is no\nbases in truth to any of this. There was no such policy in the 1970&#8217;s. It&#8217;s\ncomplete fabrication.\u201d Transcript, Nov 28, 2018, p 36, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cWell, &#8220;Expel the\nparasite&#8221;, the notion that the country has been infected by something evil\nand that it has to be \u2013 this parasite has to be expelled. It&#8217;s a very important\ncomponent of Nazi ideology and the parasite was ultimately; the parasite was\nthe Jew. That is the Judeo-Capitalist. The Judeo-Marxist. But ultimately, the\nJew was the parasite.\u201d Nov 28, 2018, p 51, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cWell, it&#8217;s not clear. I\nmean there is a very strong anti-Marxist tone to the newspaper, absolutely\ntrue, but the parasite can be \u2013 it can be Marxism, yes. There is also vote\nagainst Rothschild, so you know who&#8217;s the parasite, is it Rothschild, is it the\nMarxist? I don&#8217;t dispute that Your Ward News has a very strong anti-Marxist\norientation.\u201d Nov 28, 2018, P 103, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Q. \u201c\u2026 anti-Semitism does not\nhave to equate to hatred, would you agree with that? A. \u201cI would agree\nthat anti-Semitism is a set of negative emotions about Jews that can be\nidentified with hatred, hostility. I think that&#8217;s what I would \u2013 how I would\ndefine it. I was offering a very quick, you know, summary definition, but\nyou&#8217;re right that it a definition that requires greater explanation.\u201d Nov\n28, 2018, p 64 ln 25<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201c\u2026 the majority of North\nAmerican Jews today are not Talmudic Jews \u2026 About 10 to 15 percent of\nNorth American Jews are Orthodox, and in that sense, they would be called\nTalmudic\u201d Nov 28, 2018, p 78, ln 5<\/li><li>&nbsp;\u201c<strong>A<\/strong>.\nIt&#8217;s\u2013you find it in Turkey and in fact it was at the centre of a major Turkish\ntelevision program a couple of years ago \u2026 state-owned television \u2026 <strong>Q<\/strong>. Okay. So it was something\nthat was widely spread very recently in Turkey and reported in Your Ward News.\n\u2026 <strong>A<\/strong>. Well, I don&#8217;t if\nreported would be the right word. I would say replicated.\u201d Nov 28, 2018, p\n87, ln 20<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cI don&#8217;t know. I mean, the\nnotion of someone being someone&#8217;s puppet as a verbal phrase can be used outside\nof and beyond an anti-Semitic framework. I have not looked into the history,\nthe long history of images of people as puppets, but I do know that the image\nof the Jew as a puller of strings and a puppet master is very apparent in\nanti-Semitic propaganda and in Your Ward News.\u201d Nov 28, 2018, p 94, ln 15<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201c<strong>Q<\/strong>. Okay, and in terms of some of the other imagery, can you\nopine why there is a Swastika on a recycle bin beside the former premier\nKathleen Wynne? <strong>A<\/strong>. I think\nthat is a part of the Your Ward News&#8217; general feeling that liberalism broadly\nunderstood and liberalism particularly in the Province of Ontario is a form\nof oppression and it&#8217;s a very strange thing because the Swastika is\nalso something that is admired very much in this newspaper, but just as we\nhave seen before in my previous testimony, images can go both ways \u2026 So\nit&#8217;s a complicated image because I mean overwhelmingly Your Ward News presents\nthe Swastika in a positive way. It could be and I don&#8217;t know, but\nclearly there is a political intent by putting a Swastika on a recycling\nbin \u2026 It&#8217;s not clear. Let&#8217;s put it this way. It&#8217;s not clear to me\nwhere it fits within the framework of anti-Semitism in Your Ward News.\u201d Nov\n28, 2018, p 99, ln 10<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>In the November 29, 2018\ntranscript, from page 4, line 20, to page 11, line 30, Penslar admitted on\ncross-examination by Mr. McCuaig, when presented with an English translation,\nthat he totally misrepresented YWN as being similar to an anti-Semitic Nazi\nGerman manuscript!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ii. Expert Evidence of Janine Benedet (just some examples)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cFeminism is both a social\nmovement and a, a theory \u2013 school of thought.\u201d Transcript,\nDec 3, 2018, p 8, ln 25<\/li><li>\u2018Well, I think it is important\nto remember \u2013 and, and certainly where the publication is drawing on some of\nthese old documents \u2013 that these aren&#8217;t beliefs or idea about women that\nwere just invented by the authors of this publication or invented in the last\nfive or ten years. They have deep roots in, in a social system in which\nhistorically women have not had equal legal, social, political rights to men.\nAnd so it \u2013 it&#8217;s important to recognize the deep roots of these beliefs and\nthe fact that at a time when they were accepted at \u2013 in at least some measure\nby those in power, they were reflected.\u201d Dec 3, 2018, p 90, ln 25<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cAnd so, it&#8217;s important to, to\nrecognize that, in my opinion, so that we can see that these beliefs can\nhave traction in, in, sort of, real world outcomes and that if they are\nreinstituted, we can roll back gains that we have made towards, towards women&#8217;s\nequality. So that&#8217;s how historically, at least, I would situate these beliefs\nin the context of the criminal laws around sexual assault, in particular.\u201d\nDec 3, 2018, p 92, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cI would say that acceptance of\nthese beliefs really threatens to roll back gains that we&#8217;ve made in\ndispelling myths about the inferiority of women. And it is wrong to think\nthat those gains are somehow immutable or fixed and that there isn&#8217;t ground to\nbe lost if, if those beliefs about women are allowed to influence the way we\nmake law and policy. So there are \u2013 there are concrete risks to society\nfrom allowing these beliefs to simply go unchecked and to, to, sort of,\ncultivating an environment in which those who are drawn to them can find their\nviews reinforced.\u201d Dec 3, 2018, p 121, ln 15<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cIf what&#8217;s being said \u2013 and,\nand, again, I, I, I want to keep coming back to this \u2013 that the man is the head\nof the household and therefore the woman is subservient to him \u2013 again, I\nthink, we&#8217;re certainly in the, the realm of statements that could be \u2013 that\ncould be understood as part of \u2013 part of a system of misogynist beliefs.\u201d Dec\n3, 2018, p 128, ln 25<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cMen who disagree with this \u2013\nwith this stance are also caricatured in this publication, often in homophobic\nterms \u2026 Certainly, men who are seen as supporting women labelled as feminists\nare, are spoken of in disparaging terms\u201d Dec 3, 2018, p 138, ln 25 to p 139, ln\n5<\/li><li>\u201c<strong>Q<\/strong>. Okay. But it&#8217;s not used interchangeably with women? Well,\nyou couldn&#8217;t \u2013 you couldn&#8217;t replace feminist with women \u2013 women with feminist \u2013\nin this \u2013 in Your Ward News and it \u2013 and, and have it still make sense? <strong>A<\/strong>. No. I mean, I, I suppose,\nthat&#8217;s not \u2013 I suppose that \u2013 that&#8217;s right. It&#8217;s being used as a particular\nkind of slur, yes.\u201d Dec 3, 2018, p 142, ln 10<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201c<strong>Q<\/strong>. &#8230;in your survey of, sort of, the area &#8211; is the person Dimitri\nthe lover Canada&#8217;s, like, leading pick-up artist or seduction guru? <strong>A<\/strong>. I&#8217;m not sure there&#8217;s anyway\nto, to measure that, but, no. I mean, I understand that to be a persona\nthat&#8217;s being adopted by the person who&#8217;s writing. It&#8217;s a &#8211; it&#8217;s a boast, right\n&#8211; about \u2013 yeah. <strong>Q<\/strong>. And similarly\nwith regard to the, the, the wrestling advertisement, the bios that are under\nDimitri the lover and the other people, would you agree that they&#8217;re not\nsupposed to be taken at face value for their truth? <strong>A<\/strong>. Oh, no, that&#8217;s \u2013 that &#8211; I would agree with that, yes.\u201d\nDec 4, 2018, p 2, ln 30<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201c<strong>Q<\/strong>. Okay. So, so when you saw lone wolf gender warrior, the\nterm social justice warrior didn&#8217;t come to mind? <strong>A<\/strong>. No, because it&#8217;s always abbreviated as SJW so&#8230;. <strong>Q<\/strong>. And you \u2013 and you just\nthought warrior meant, like, a call to violent action? <strong>A<\/strong>. Yeah, yeah. And particularly in the context of this, sort\nof, hyper-masculine kind of rhetoric.\u201d Dec 4, 2018, p 13, ln 30<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Pornography is more\nmisogynistic than YWN. Dec 4, 2018, p 28, ln 10 to p 29, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">iii. Robert James Interrupts Penslar\u2019s Testimony with\nDeath Threat vs Appellant<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cI&#8217;m sorry, I&#8217;ve got to stop\nthis. These two people are assholes. Get [Mossad] to take them out.\u201d Embry\nexplains he\u2019s breaching bail by being there. Transcript, Nov 29, 2018, p. 48,\nline 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">iv. Evidence of Detective Bisla<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cWe received complaints from\nseven police services, including Toronto, and there were 175 complaints.\u201d Apr\n26, 2019, p 10, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. DEFENCE EVIDENCE (NO\nCASE CALLED)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. SUBMISSIONS BY CROWN COUNSEL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cOf course, the Crown is going\nto allege that Your Ward News constitutes hatred, but this is a legal\ndetermination and at trial, the Crown is going to rely on expert evidence to\nassist in providing background and context for evaluating that issue\u201d Transcript,\nAug 29, 2018, p 14 ln 10<\/li><li>\u201cAnd I would ask that Your\nHonour qualify Dr. Penslar as an expert in Anti-Semitism, its history,\ncommon features, and themes.\u201d Transcript, Nov 28, 2018, p 15 ln 30<\/li><li>\u201cProfessor Benedet is legal\nscholar, expert in the area of sexual violence against women and its\nrelationship to misogynistic belief systems.\u201d Transcript, Dec 3, 2018, p 2,\nln 25<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>D. SUBMISSIONS BY DEFENCE COUNSEL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cMR. EMBRY: And, sort of, the,\nthe shorter version of it is the, the Crown&#8217;s submissions were a good deal more\nvoluminous than I had expected to receive and I feel that I&#8217;m \u2013 I need to\nrespond, not exactly in kind, but I wasn&#8217;t prepared to respond to that volume\nof submissions. So I&#8217;m asking for an adjournment today.\u201d Dec 12, 2018, p 1, ln\n15<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>E. TRIAL JUDGE\u2019S COMMENTS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Justice Blouin made multiple\ncomments indicating he was in a rush to dispose of the case:<\/li><li>\u201cAnd again, in my view, written\nsubmissions don&#8217;t have to be in great volume. And, in fact, often the most\neffective written submissions are a few pages just outlining the, the areas\nand &#8211; that, that you&#8217;re supporting your position within the evidence.\u201d Dec 4,\n2018, p 79, ln 10<\/li><li>\u201cAnd just in terms of the, the\nwritten submissions &#8211; obviously I&#8217;m not going to direct anything about the\nwritten submissions, but the shorter the better. Five pages or less I find\nthe, the most effective.\u201d Dec 4, 2018, p 83, ln 5<\/li><li>\u201cSure. As I say I&#8217;m not going\nto limit it to a page number, but I always find that to be the most\neffective as opposed to volumes and volumes. And then, then the other side\nfeels they have to, you know, put volumes and volumes in and not all of it is\nall that necessary.\u201d Dec 4, 2018, p 83, ln 15<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cYeah. I don\u2019t want to get\ngoing into this back and forth so &#8230; you got to be very brief \u2026 That\u2019s not\nnecessary \u2026 I\u2019ve read \u2013 spent a lot of time with this material \u2026 All\nright. I want to make a decision quickly \u2026 I\u2019ve had a chance to go over the\nmaterial and put together the best majority of my judgment. I\u2019d like to \u2026 give\nyou a decision very quickly, within a week.\u201d Jan 16, 2019, p 59, ln 20 to page 61, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cMR. EMBRY: I do have a message\nfrom Mr. McQuaig saying, &#8220;On my way.&#8221; That was about 15 minutes ago.\nTHE COURT: Okay. Well, this is really &#8211; is, is &#8211; his role is done at this\npoint. This is [indiscernible]. I&#8217;ll give the judgment now.\u201d Jan 24, 2019,\np 2, ln 5<\/li><li>\u201cTHE COURT: I&#8217;m trying to, to\nrender a judgment on this matter as quickly as, as is possible.\u201d Apr 26,\n2019, p 97, ln 25<\/li><li>&nbsp;\u201cI&#8217;d like to deal with this before the end\nof August\u201d Jul 15, 2019, p 1, ln 20<\/li><li>\u201cMR. FLUMERFELT: \u2026 I mean, if\nwe&#8217;re thinking about an August timeline, putting it over now for two weeks for\nanother discussion, I think we can forget about August really. Realistically.\nTHE COURT: I&#8217;m not sure, I&#8217;m not sure about that, but obviously I would like\nto move this on as&#8230;as quickly as possible.\u201d Jul 15, 2019, p 3, ln 30<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>\u201cTHE COURT: It&#8217;s an\nirritant, without question, in scheduling. But, yeah, I&#8217;m retiring from\nfulltime work at the end of August but I&#8217;ll, I&#8217;ll continue to do per diem work\n&#8230;for as long as I, I feel I should. But so, obviously the scheduling becomes\na little more complicated when I&#8217;m not here fulltime &#8230;\u201d Jul 15, 2019, p 4, ln\n30<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cMR. FLUMERFELT: &#8230;what the\nremainder of your August schedule will look like and whether there are even any\nholes in it. THE COURT: \u2026 Obviously, you&#8217;re right. The cross-examination on\nthe affidavits would be, would be complicated and, and have the matters extend\nfurther, but I guess we&#8217;ll, we&#8217;ll get to that.\u201d Jul 15, 2019, p 5, ln 25<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Justice Blouin made reference\nto the exculpatory videos as follows:<ul><li>\u201cThere was a copy given to me\nand I obviously read it and viewed the videos\u201d Transcript, Aug 29, 2018, p 6, ln\n25<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>In response to the videos not\nbeing on a disc \u201cWe&#8217;re going to need those then\u201d Transcript, Aug 29, 2018, p 7,\nln 10<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>\u201cI\u2019m not sure whether they were\nmade exhibits or not but there\u2019s also another item which was a compilation of\ninterviews that was on a DVD that was agreed upon as being \u2013 I don\u2019t think\nthere was any issue taken with that as being part of discreditable conduct \u2026 It\ncertainly wasn\u2019t in the \u2013 I wondered if it was just a mistake but it wasn\u2019t in\nthe documents. You took out&#8230;\u201d Jan 16, 2019, p 34, ln 15<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>A seething Justice Blouin\nconfronts Mr. Embry on supposed condoning of spousal rape:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat about the comment that you can\u2019t rape your wife\nbecause she\u2019s chattel? \u2026 &nbsp;he\u2019s talking\nabout the absence of rape in situations where the \u2013 and your wife \u2013 in all\nsituations because in all situations your wife is a piece of property? \u2026 Women\nare not human, they\u2019re chattel? \u2026 It\u2019s not hate?\u201d Jan 16, 2019, p 54, ln 15 to\np55, ln 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>His Honour denies The Appellant\nfull allocution, Apr 26, 2019, p 80, ln 30 to p 83, ln 20<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Justice Blouin flip-flops on\nMr. Embry submitting The Appellant\u2019s sentencing materials:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: I would like to\nsupply the court with a brief after to speak towards sentencing, if I can. THE\nCOURT: Well, that&#8217;s usually what the lawyer does, and I&#8217;ll, I&#8217;ll rely on Mr.\nEmbry to do that. JAMES SEARS: On my behalf, okay. THE COURT: On your\nbehalf, yeah.\u201d Apr 26, 2019, p 83, ln 10<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: And I will\ngive my lawyer the 62 pages, and he can decide whether or not further\nsubmissions should be before the Court.\u201d Apr 26, 2019, p 96, ln 20<ul><li>\u201cTHE COURT: Now, Mr. Embry, you&#8217;re\ngoing to have to help me here just in terms of generally at the end of\nhearing from the defendant, we&#8217;re not talking about further submissions,\nbut did you need some time to speak to your client about what else I should&#8230; MR.\nEMBRY: Umm. THE COURT: &#8230; I should receive? Or\u2026 MR. EMBRY: Yeah. I think\nit&#8217;s very, very unlikely that I would make any further submissions, or submit\nany further brief having heard the allocution. So I&#8230;. Apr 26, 2019, p 98,\nln 5<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: And what about\nadditional sentencing submissions? You didn&#8217;t mention that specifically. Are\nyou going to allow me to perfect sentencing submissions? THE COURT: We&#8217;ll talk\nabout that in two weeks. I am not, at this stage. I don&#8217;t think any further\nsentencing submissions, as the case stands now, would make any difference. So,\nor make such little difference that it would make no difference.\u201d Jul 15,\n2019, p 2, ln 10<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Regarding The Appellant\u2019s\ninquiry about the \u201cfresh evidence\u201d motion \u201cTHE COURT: I want to deal with\nthe issue of ineffective assistance of counsel, because that\u2019s the key part of\nthis. That is the part that, unless you get past that ridge or that fence, then\nthe other, the, the rest of it doesn\u2019t matter.\u201d Aug 22, p 10, ln 10<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>An animated Justice Blouin\ndelivers 3 screeds on his personal experience with the miracle of\n\u201cmediation\u201d, the third after the Co-Appellant\u2019s unrepentant allocution,\nclaiming with a \u201cskilled facilitator\u201d there was even hope for him. Jul 15,\n2019, p 48, ln 30 and p 49, ln 30 and p 55, ln 5<\/li><li>&nbsp;Upon learning Co-Appellant refuses to\napologize via mediation, Justice Blouin says \u201cfull contrition\u201d not required\n&amp; offers to find mediator himself. Aug 1, 2019, p 18, ln 25 &amp;\np 20, ln 25<\/li><li>The Appellant repeatedly\ndemanded to cross-examine Mr. Embry on his affidavit:<ul><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: Your Honour, but do\nI have the right to cross-examine Mr. Embry on his affidavit? THE COURT: You\nmay or you may not, depending upon what I rule. So I need to see your\naffidavit first, I need to see Embry\u2019s first. Then I\u2019ll open it up on the 22nd,\nif that\u2019s the date we choose, and I\u2019ll let you say some things; I\u2019ll let you\nmake submissions; I\u2019ll let you make an application to cross-examine Mr. Embry\nif that\u2019s what you choose to do. But let\u2019s \u2014 it\u2019s hard to do this in the\nabstract.\u201d Aug 1, 2019, p 15, ln 10<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: Well, what I said\nin writing is that I am not accepting \u2013 okay, I can rely on, on Mr. Embry\u2019s\naffidavit to support my motion. However, I am \u2013 I made it very clear in my\n15-page final submission that I, that is not to say that everything in Mr.\nEmbry\u2019s affidavit is accurate, and I should have the right to crossexamine him\non it and, and I reserve that right.\u201d Aug 22, 2019, p 5, ln 5<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cJAMES SEARS: Well then, I\nam going to have to cross-examine Mr. Embry and his affidavit because I had\nprivate conversations with him and those private conversations are relevant to\nthe case, so&#8230;.\u201d Aug 22, 2019, p 13, ln 15<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">F. TRIAL JUDGE\u2019S DECISION (reiterated in written decision)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u201cI agree with your counsel in\nthis matter that it&#8217;s important to read all of the issues of Your Ward News,\nand not just pick out certain quotes and certain parts, passages, that are in\nthe newspaper. When one does that, and I have done that, there is an overarching\nand unrelenting message of hate. The breadth and depth of this message made it\nclear to me, beyond any doubt, that you both fully intended to promote hate.\nWhile both experts in this trial were excellent, and they assisted this Court\nin understanding a wider historical context regarding both anti-Semitism and\nmisogyny, the 22 issues of this newspaper provided all the evidence\nnecessary to concluded that you both willfully promoted hate. If this material\ndoes not rise above distasteful expression to qualify as hate, then I can&#8217;t\nimagine what will.\u201d Transcript, Jan 24, 2019, p 2, ln 20 <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART III &#8211; ISSUES AND THE LAW<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. THE LAW<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">i. Promotion\nof Hatred<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>This case has no\nsimilarity to any <em>Section 319(2)<\/em>\ncases cited by Justice Blouin, requiring this Honourable Court to review past\ncases as referenced in The Appellant\u2019s \u201cSchedule A\u201d.&nbsp; <\/li><li>The Supreme\nCourt of Canada reiterated the <em>Keegstra<\/em>\ndecisionin <em>Mugesera<\/em>:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPromotes\u201d means actively supports or instigates.&nbsp;More\nthan mere encouragement is required:&nbsp;<em>R. v. Keegstra<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canlii.org\/en\/ca\/scc\/doc\/1990\/1990canlii24\/1990canlii24.html\">1990 CanLII 24 (SCC)<\/a>, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 697.&nbsp;Within the meaning of s. 319, \u201chatred\u201d connotes \u201cemotion\nof an intense and extreme nature that is clearly associated with vilification\nand detestation\u201d: <em>Keegstra<\/em>, atp.\n777.&nbsp; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Only\nthe most intense forms of dislike fall within the ambit of s.&nbsp;319 \u2026 The\ntrier of fact must consider the speech objectively but with regard for the\ncircumstances in which the speech was given, the manner and tone used,\nand the persons to whom the message was addressed \u2026 &nbsp;the use of the word \u201cwilfully\u201d in subs. (2)\nsuggests that the offence is made out only if the accused had as a conscious\npurpose the promotion of hatred against the identifiable group, or if he or she\nforesaw that the promotion of hatred against that group was certain to result\nand nevertheless communicated the statements.&nbsp;Although the causal\nconnection need not be proven, the speaker must desire that the message stir up\nhatred. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ii. Unreasonable Verdict<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>By operation of sections\n686(1)(a)(i) and 822(1) of the <em>Criminal\nCode<\/em>, this Honourable Court may allow an appeal where it is of the opinion\nthat a verdict should be set aside as unreasonable. <em>Criminal Code of Canada<\/em>, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, ss.686, 822.<\/li><li>An unreasonable verdict is one\nthat a properly instructed jury acting judicially could not have rendered; and,\n\u201c[a]pplying this standard requires the appellate court to re-examine and to\nsome extent reweigh and consider the effect of the evidence\u201d. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. R.P., <\/em>[2012] S.C.J. No. 22 (S.C.C.) at para. 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. Villaroman, <\/em>[2016] S.C.J. No. 33 at para. 55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. Sinclair<\/em>, 2011 SCC 40, [2011] 3 S.C.R. 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">iii.\nInsufficient Reasons<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>It is well-established that\ncourts have a duty to give reasons to \u201cexplain the court\u2019s disposition of the\ncase and facilitate appellate review of findings made at trial.\u201d&nbsp; As explained by the Supreme Court in <em>R. v. Dinardo, infra<\/em>:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>24&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In R. v. Sheppard,\n[2002] 1 S.C.R. 869, 2002 SCC 26, this Court confirmed that courts have a duty\nto give reasons. Reasons serve many purposes; in particular, they explain the\ncourt&#8217;s disposition of the case and facilitate appellate review of findings\nmade at trial. The content of the duty will, of course, depend upon the\nexigencies of the case. As this Court has noted, &#8220;the requirement of\nreasons is tied to their purpose and the purpose varies with the context&#8221;\n(Sheppard, at para. 24).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>25&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sheppard instructs\nappeal courts to adopt a functional approach to reviewing the sufficiency of\nreasons (para. 55). The inquiry should not be conducted in the abstract, but\nshould be directed at whether the reasons respond to the case&#8217;s live issues,\nhaving regard to the evidence as a whole and the submissions of counsel (R.\nv. D. (J.J.R.) (2006), 215 C.C.C. (3d) 252 (Ont. C.A.), at para. 32). An appeal\nbased on insufficient reasons will only be allowed where the trial judge&#8217;s\nreasons are so deficient that they foreclose meaningful appellate review:\nSheppard, at para. 25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Reasons\n&#8220;acquire particular importance&#8221; where the trial judge must\n&#8220;resolve confused and contradictory evidence on a key issue, unless the\nbasis of the trial judge&#8217;s conclusion is apparent from the record&#8221;\n(Sheppard, at para. 55).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. Dinardo, <\/em>[2008] S.C.J. No. 24 (S.C.C.) at paras. 24-25, 27<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. Sheppard<\/em>, 2002 SCC 26, [2002] 1 S.C.R. 869<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R. v. R.E.M<\/em>., 2008 SCC 51, [2008] 3 S.C.R. 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">iv. Misapprehension\nof Evidence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>One or more failures on the\npart of the trial judge in a judge-alone trial: <ul><li>&#8220;failure to consider\nevidence relevant to a material issue&#8221;;<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>a &#8220;mistake as to the\nsubstance of the evidence&#8221;; or<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>a &#8220;failure to give proper\neffect to the evidence&#8221;.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>The reversible error must\nresult in an unreasonable verdict, an incurable error in law or a miscarriage\nof justice:<ul><li>&#8220;go to the substance&#8221;\nof the case and cannot simply be a &#8220;detail&#8221;;<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>It must be &#8220;material&#8221;\nand not &#8220;peripheral&#8221; to the reasoning of the case;<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>&#8220;play an essential part in\nthe reasoning process&#8221;, and not simply be narrative.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R.\nv. Morrissey, 1995 CanLII 3498 (ON CA)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><em>Movchan <\/em>provides an excellent summary of\nthe case law:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;[20] The standard of review\non findings of fact is palpable and overriding error. The trial judge is\nentitled to deference on findings of fact and factual inferences. The appeal\ncourt is not to interfere unless the trial judge was clearly wrong,\nunreasonable, or the fact findings were unsupported by the evidence: R v\nClark, 2005 SCC 2 at para 9. The Court further noted:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The imputed error must, moreover, be plainly identified.\nAnd it must be shown to have affected the result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[21] The standard of review on questions of law is correctness.\nHousen v Nikolaisen, 2002 SCC 33 (at para 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[22] Failing to consider the totality of the evidence is an error\nof law. R v Lohrer, 2004 SCC 80. The error must play an essential part, not\njust in the narrative of the judgment, but in the reasoning process\nresulting in the conviction: Lohrer, at para 2 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[23] The standard of review for whether a verdict is unreasonable or\nunsupported by the evidence, is whether a properly instructed jury, acting\njudiciously, could reasonably have rendered the verdict. R v Biniaris, 2000 SCC\n15 (at para 36); relied on in R v Lee, 2010 ABCA 1, at para 7; aff\u2019d 2010 SCC\n52, at para 4. In Lee, the Supreme Court of Canada described the Biniaris test\nas the test for an unreasonable verdict, while it described the Lohrer test as\nthe test for the misapprehension of the evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[24] In Lee, (at para 9), the Alberta Court of Appeal set out the\nessential distinction between the Biniaris and the Lohrer tests: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a) the Lohrer test applies when the attack is on a discrete finding\nof fact and it appears the conclusion of the trial judge on that fact is\nunsupported by any evidence, or perhaps that it is against the overwhelming\nweight of the evidence on that point,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b) the Biniaris test (unreasonable verdict) applies when the attack\nis on the overall strength of the case, and not any discrete finding of fact\nthat is said to be plainly inconsistent with the uncontradicted evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[25] In Phipps, 2010 ABQB 661 (at paras 8 and 9) Moreau, J says that\nthe issue of whether the learned trial judge properly admitted into evidence\nthe officer\u2019s observations after the accused was stopped involved a question of\nmixed fact and law \u2013 namely application of a legal standard to a set of facts.\nMoreau J went on to find that the standard of review of the trial judge\u2019s\nconclusion that the accused ability to drive a motor vehicle was impaired by\nalcohol is whether a properly instructed jury acting judicially could\nreasonably have rendered the verdict (Biniaris).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>R\nv Movchan<\/em>, 2016 ABQB 317 (CanLII)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. ANALYSIS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Justice Blouin\ndisplayed tunnel vision, ignoring the fact that <strong>this case lacks every single <em>mens\nrea<\/em> hallmark for \u201cwilful promotion of hatred\u201d pervasive in case law he\nrelied upon<\/strong>, including but not limited to: 1. Clandestine or anonymous\ndissemination of message 2. Messenger avoids dialogue with recipients 3.\nHistory of messenger\u2019s involvement with a \u201chate group\u201d or hate-related fiasco\nor crime 4. Intense emotional overlay contemporaneous with message, ranging\nfrom zealous fervor to intense rage 5. Message disseminated such that\ndissenting voices are shut out, drowned out or simply ignored 6. Inability of messenger\nto be dispassionate or display restraint when discussing target group 7. Hate\nso intense that messages are often spontaneous and uncontrollable 8. Recipient\nnot given choice of escaping the message, i.e. spray-painted on property,\ndisseminated to captive audience of students or transit riders, etc.<\/li><li>Justice Blouin\ndisplayed tunnel vision, ignoring the fact that <strong>this case lacks every single <em>actus\nreus <\/em>hallmark for \u201cwilful promotion of hatred\u201d pervasive in case law he\nrelied upon<\/strong>, including but not limited to: 1. Universal vilification of\ntarget group 2. Lack of exculpatory, contradictory or conflicting messages\nwithin or adjacent to subject message 3. Message about target group framed as\nPSA-style warning 4. Fear-based prose\/imagery, i.e. \u201cTHEY ARE HERE AND\nBREEDING\u201d 5. Clear, unequivocal message of vilification 6. No hope for target\ngroup to ever assimilate in society i.e. all group members must be killed,\nsterilized, deported, to save Canada 7. Laser focus of message on target\ngroup(s) with total lack of extraneous messages 8. Humour employed in dark,\ndeadpan way to elicit rage or fear rather than being zany, baffling, satirical\nvehicle meant to open discussion 9. Message seeks to elicit blind rage instead\nof public discourse 10. Blatantly fraudulent misrepresentations rather than\nmerely eccentric interpretations of target group, i.e. re-publishing newspaper\narticles with words substituted in order to vilify target group, mis-ascribing\nscriptural quotes to elicit rage towards or fear of target group, etc. 11.\nMessenger ensures he is always taken seriously and never mocked within the\nmessage 12. A clear \u201cus versus them\u201d analogy with battle lines drawn and no\nhope of peaceful resolution or dialogue with target group, i.e. they can never\nbe saved or redeemed or become \u201cone of us\u201d or be \u201clike us\u201d.<\/li><li>His Honour grossly misapprehended\nevidence firstly by erroneously substituting biased experts\u2019 contradictory,\nsubjective, catch-all hallmarks of \u201canti-Semitism\u201d &amp; \u201cmisogyny\u201d for the\nobjective legal criteria for \u201cpromotion of hatred\u201d meticulously\nassembled above from case law by The Appellant (\u201c<em>Sears Criteria For Promotion of Hatred<\/em>\u201d, <strong>NOT<\/strong> to be confused with subjective, catch-all \u201cHallmarks\nof Hatred\u201d that are <strong>NOT<\/strong>\nnecessarily criminal); and secondly by erroneously drawing a <strong>TWO-WAY<\/strong> inference from a one-way correlation\nbetween hallmarks of misogyny &amp; anti-Semitism and those for <em>Criminal Code<\/em> hatred, ignoring\nthat 100% of people promoting hatred against Jews or women harbour anti-Semitic\n&amp; misogynistic views, whereas 99.999% of people with anti-Semitic or\nmisogynistic views <strong>NEVER<\/strong>\npromote hatred against Jews or women.<\/li><li>Justice Blouin\u2019s\nreasons for judgement para. 3 state <strong>\u201cOne\nargument contends that the need to employ experts by the Crown, in and of\nitself, recognizes the obscurity of the material.\u201d<\/strong> Then to neutralize this\nargument, in para. 4 he states:<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cI had\nno trouble accepting either expert\u2019s evidence. As helpful and impressive as\nthey turned out to be, in my view, they were not necessary. The agreed statement\nof facts (Exhibit 1), Mr. St. Germaine\u2019s police statement (Exhibit 18), and\nExhibit 2 (the 22 issues of YWN) provide a complete factual foundation for my\nanalysis.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yet within his subsequent\nanalysis, he contradicts himself by citing Professor Penslar in para. 21, para.\n23, and multiple times throughout the appendices; and evokes wording from both experts\u2019\nreports to draw inferences into what he thinks the passages he cherry-picked\nfrom YWN mean!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>His Honour\u2019s highly-declarative\nfinding of guilt relied upon viewing YWN as an omnibus body of work because not\na single excerpt or string of excerpts in YWN, orphaned from over 400 pages\nentered into evidence, met the <em>actus reus<\/em>.\nHowever, he did not apply the same standard in determining \u201creasonable doubt\u201d, ignoring\nor glossing over hundreds of exculpatory, equivocal, unclear, contradictory and\nconflicting messages throughout the body of work, which provide reasonable\ndoubt as to both the <em>mens rea<\/em> and <em>actus reus<\/em>. The <strong>BARE MINIMUM STANDARD<\/strong> was for him to provide a brief\nanalysis adjacent to each cherry-picked excerpt, <strong>AT LEAST<\/strong> explaining why countless exculpatory and\nconflicting messages, often within the same article, did not create\n\u201creasonable doubt\u201d as to the intended meaning of the out-of-context passage. <\/li><li>Many of His Honour\u2019s\ncherry-picked passages are not critical of or even directed at Jews or women, and\nmerely attempt to portray The Appellant as having bad character or unsavoury\npolitical\/historical views. Nonetheless, dividing the number of cherry-picked\npassages critical of one or some Jews or women by 22 editions spread over 3.5\nyears, most of which were published quarterly, garners a few excerpts every 3\nmonths buried amongst 20 pages of newsprint&#8211;the lowest utterances per timeframe\nin all the case law, contradicting His Honour\u2019s deeply-biased narrative of an\n\u201cunrelenting\u201d promotion of hatred (the only thing \u201cunrelenting\u201d was His\nHonour\u2019s obsessive, out-of-context chronicling of every single unflattering\nremark about Jews or women).<\/li><li>This case is purely\ncircumstantial for the <em>mens rea<\/em>, as\nthere is no direct evidence of \u201cwilfulness\u201d; and for the <em>actus reus<\/em>, as there is no direct evidence of what messages are meant\nto convey. Justice Blouin merely inferred meaning. And since the content\nwas eccentric and clearly satirical, he drew wild inferences to \u201cfill in\nthe blanks\u201d and create a sinister <em>modus\noperandi<\/em>.<\/li><li>Even if this\nHonourable Court finds that a few utterances clearly met the <em>actus reus<\/em> for \u201cpromotion of hatred\u201d, because\nover 400 pages of often highly provocative, outrageous and inflammatory anti-Marxist\nmaterial were published over a 3.5 year span, such utterances were obviously\ninadvertent, like an overzealous street preacher spewing \u201cfire and brimstone\u201d bible\nverses and accidently spitting on a passerby, and therefore do not meet the <em>mens rea<\/em> requirement.<\/li><li>Including two editions\npublished after the information date, 4.4 million physical copies of YWN\ndistributed over 4 years and read by at least 10 million people, garnered a\npaltry 175 complaints (1 per 57,000 readers), most of them solicited by the\nKinsellas and various special interest groups. But police did not document even\none criminal incident encouraged by YWN. And those numbers do not\ninclude electronic downloads and pdf sharing!<\/li><li>The Crown\u2019s experts\nhad a stake in the outcome of the trial and displayed gross bias, causing\nJustice Blouin to misapprehend evidence by them repeatedly forcibly bestowing\nthe most sinister meaning upon passages which on a balance of probabilities were\nmeant to be interpreted otherwise. Benedet\u2019s voice broke to near tears as she\nread passages from YWN. Penslar became extremely uneasy &amp; testy when merely\nasked if questioning \u201cJewish Holocaust\u201d details was OK.<\/li><li>Penslar declares\na front cover of the Winter 2018 Edition clearly critical of Trudeau supporting\nIsrael\u2019s bombing of Palestinian children, to be Jews ritually murdering\nchildren and drinking their blood,&nbsp;\nignoring that in a previous article the Trudeaus were mocked for\nblood-drinking (February 2016 Edition, p 8), the Rothschilds own a winery and\nthey funded Israel\u2019s creation; declares The Bank of Canada changing monetary\npolicy in 1974 \u201ca complete fabrication\u201d, yet YWN\u2019s article cited a class action\nlawsuit by Rocco Galati for \u201cCOMER\u201d that CBC also reported on; equates\n\u201cparasite\u201d to \u201cJew\u201d even though YWN only uses \u201cMarxist Parasite\u201d, never\n\u201cJew\u201d or \u201cZio\u201d adjacent to it, then he flip-flops on cross-examination;\nadmits HIS definition of \u201cAnti-Semitism\u201d is so much broader than the\nclassic definition that <strong>it can actually\nexist WITHOUT \u201chatred\u201d<\/strong>; admits YWN only criticizes 10-15% of Jews, not\nJews as a group; repeatedly admits (throughout the\ntranscripts) that disputed passages in YWN are based on some truth or on\ninformation from known sources (such as Turkish state television) but that he\npersonally disagrees with the narrative; admits to just <em>assuming<\/em> puppetry in YWN was\n\u201canti-Semitic\u201d; repeatedly displays confusion, admitting images in YWN can be\ninterpreted in opposite ways, such as the swastika used both positively and negatively\n(a common satirical technique); admits he misrepresented a clearly\nanti-Semitic German manuscript as being similar to YWN.<\/li><li>Benedet admits\nfeminism is a social movement, theory, school of thought; admits YWN\u2019s\nbeliefs have \u201cdeep roots\u201d in our society; admits YWN\u2019s beliefs may have \u201ctraction\u201d\nand affect political change, chiefly in \u201claw and policy\u201d; claims the belief a\nman is \u201chead of the household\u201d could be part of a \u201cmisogynistic belief system\u201d;\nadmits men who disagree with YWN are mocked equally to women; admits YWN does\nnot use \u201cfeminist\u201d to mean all women; admits \u201cDimitri The Lover\u201d and wrestling\npersonas are not to be taken seriously; admits she misattributed sinister\nmeaning to \u201cLone Wolf Gender Warrior\u201d (because she got emotionally caught up in\nYWN\u2019s rhetoric); admits pornography that is <strong>LEGAL <\/strong>in Canada is <strong>MORE\n<\/strong>misogynistic than YWN!<\/li><li>An incensed Justice\nBlouin, grinding his teeth and clenching his fists, sternly confronted Mr.\nEmbry on what he claimed was condoning of spousal rape in an absurd article<strong> \u201cHow To Use \u2018Jury Nullification\u2019 To Quash\nLaws That Discriminate Against Heterosexual Men\u201d<\/strong> (Fall 2015, p 10). It was\nthe only time he became animated during submissions. The article was clearly\nmeant to open a discussion on how \u201cinnocent until proven guilty\u201d is now \u201calways\nbelieve the victim\u201d, by satirically condoning the extreme opposite: \u201calways\nbelieve the rapist\/abuser\u201d. The transcript does not reflect it but Embry was\na discombobulated mess for almost a minute before responding. His\nHonour clearly contradicted his own statements that YWN must be viewed as a\nwhole, because in a <strong>NON-SATIRICAL<\/strong>\narticle on Lisa Kinsella and Children\u2019s Aid (Summer 2017, p 6), The Appellant wrote\nabout the nullification article \u201cWhat Kinsella refers\nto is a <strong>SATIRICAL ARTICLE<\/strong> in the\n<strong>Fall 2016 Edition <\/strong>of <strong>Your Ward News<\/strong>, written by performance\nartist <strong>\u201cDimitri The Lover\u201d<\/strong>\u2019 (emphases\nin original). Also, Dimitri The Lover\u2019s satirical article on Valentine\u2019s Day (February\n2016, p 10) states \u201c\u2026 he must feel that his woman is higher echelon chattel\nmeant to be protected from theft or damage, and worshipped like a\nfine automobile.\u201d And clearly even Professor Benedet agrees \u201cDimitri The lover\u201d\nshould not be taken seriously!<\/li><li>The Crown\u2019s decision\nto fractionate the charge runs counter to Crown protocol and long-established jurisprudence\nevident in all previous <em>Section 319<\/em>\ncase law where hatred directed at multiple protected groups arising out of one body\nof work resulted in one charge, making our case tantamount to a selective\nand bad faith prosecution, and therefore a wanton and high-handed abuse of\nprocess meant to selectively double The Appellant\u2019s potential penalty for the\noffence whilst denying The Appellant the benefit of a jury trial for which a\npotential sentence over 6 months entitled him to under <em>Section 319(2).<\/em><\/li><li>The Crown\u2019s decision to\nelect to proceed summarily in direct contradiction to their narrative that the\noffense was of broad scope and heinous breadth, runs counter to long-established\njurisprudence and Crown protocol evident in all previous <em>Section 319(2)<\/em> case law, making it tantamount to a selective and\nbad faith prosecution, and therefore a wanton and high-handed abuse of process\nmeant to ignore the special relevance of this particular case to the community\nand its highly-politicized nature. The Crown elected to proceed summarily in\norder to circumvent community oversight and deny The Appellant the benefit of a\njury trial, instead trying him for his \u201cThought Crime\u201d court martial-style in a\n<em>de facto<\/em> \u201cStar Chamber\u201d. The Crown knew\nfinding a judge dispassionate about every offensive subject broached in YWN was\nimprobable.<\/li><li>By relying upon the\nview that YWN was one body of work and therefore one continuous transaction,\nnotwithstanding that it was an abuse of process for the Crown to fractionate\nthe charge, the penalties should have run concurrently. <\/li><li>YWN cannot be considered one\ncontinuous transaction from March 2015 to Fall 2017 in that each edition\nfeatures different contributors of articles &amp; graphics, a different theme,\nand since the Canada Post ban, each new edition was randomly delivered by\nprivate companies and volunteers to different towns across Ontario. Therefore,\nthe transaction chain is broken in the weeks between quarterly editions, before\na new edition is created from scratch. Furthermore, YWN\u2019s purpose is not\ncriminal in nature. Justice Blouin admitted in his written verdict that YWN\u2019s <em>raison d\u2019\u00eatre<\/em> was \u201cAnti-Marxist\u201d (and so\nhe did not ban YWN): <strong>\u201cThe defendants\ntook the position that YWN is primarily anti-Marxist. I agree with that\nassessment. That is a unifying theme, especially in the earlier editions where\nthe focus seems to be on attacking left wing politicians.\u201d<\/strong> Therefore, YWN cannot\nbe viewed as a criminal enterprise involved in one continuous transaction. Subject\nutterances were clearly random byproducts of anti-Marxist rhetoric with narrow\npurpose in time &amp; place; there is no proof they were part of a planned\ncampaign targeting Jews or women. In the alternative, if even ONE\nedition of YWN lacked a passage that met the threshold for hate for a\nrespective protected group, then it should represent a break in the chain of\ntransaction, because The Crown included it in the prosecution in bad faith.<\/li><li>The Appellant\u2019s counsel was\nineffective in not disputing the inclusion of YWN editions pre-dating the 6\nmonth window. And if he was successful in only including the last two editions\nof YWN on the information, The Appellant clearly would never have consented to\nadding the 3 newest editions, as the ability for a biased judge to cherry-pick\nenough offensive, out-of-context excerpts to meet his fantasy <em>mens rea<\/em> and <em>actus reus<\/em> would have been severely handicapped.<\/li><li>Multiple abuses of process, considered\nin totality, clearly prejudiced The Appellant\u2019s right to a fair trial. The\nCrown gaming the election process, fractionating the charge, withdrawing\nexculpatory evidence at the 11<sup>th<\/sup> hour, blocking evidentiary emails; Justice\nBlouin violating The Appellant\u2019s right to full answer &amp; defence multiple\ntimes whilst exhibiting frustration arising out of a looming retirement date,\nand ignoring a potentially inappropriate relationship between key complainants\nand the lead detective; all bring the integrity of the justice system into\ndisrepute. When the court balances the interests in favour of granting a stay against\nthat society has in having a final decision on the merits of the case, this\nHonourable Court must consider the highly political nature of this prosecution and\nthe highly subjective nature of determining \u201chate speech\u201d. Only a stay of the\ncharges can remedy the violation, in that in the community\u2019s eyes, a new trial\nby judge alone that results in anything other than an acquittal would represent\nthe government appointing yet another cooperative judge, but this time one who\nwill ensure the predetermined outcome whilst covering all his legal bases with\nmore robust yet still declarative reasons.<\/li><li>&nbsp;A handful of \u201cvictim\u201d &amp; \u201ccommunity\u201d impact\nstatements conveniently appeared one day before a sentencing hearing scheduled\nmonths earlier, some of them anonymous. 10 million readers and that is all Detective\nBisla could garner. And on cross-examination she was evasive on how the\nstatements were obtained. It speaks volumes. The \u201ccommunity\u201d statements are\nmerely attempts by Johnny-Come-Lately political lobby and special interest groups\nto jump into the debate and promote their agendas. The \u201cvictim\u201d statements are nothing\nbut glorified letters to the editor expressing moral outrage at The Appellant\u2019s\neccentric views. Mr. Kinsella even boasted in his deleted podcast that one of\nthe authors is his neighbor, so clearly these letters were solicited. On\nbehalf of millions of <strong>REAL<\/strong>\nvictims across Canada, and having survived horrific childhood abuse himself,\nThe Appellant expresses <strong>HIS<\/strong>\nmoral outrage at the framing of these complaint letters. The Charter protects his\nright to offend, <strong>NOT<\/strong> a recipient\u2019s\nright not to be offended.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. SUMMARY<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>It is submitted that in\nconvicting The Appellant, the trial judge committed serious errors which\nrequire review, and that after review the conviction should be set aside.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART IV &#8211; ORDER REQUESTED<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>The Appellant respectfully requests that this Honourable Court\n     allow the Appeal, and either stay the convictions, or set aside the\n     convictions and enter an acquittal, or in the alternative order a new\n     trial.<\/li><li>In the event that this Honourable Court does not allow the\n     Appeal of the convictions, The Appellant respectfully requests that it\n     allow the Appeal of the sentences.<\/li><li>In the event that this Honourable Court does not allow the\n     Appeal of the convictions, The Appellant respectfully requests that it\n     conduct a <em>de novo<\/em> hearing into\n     his \u201cIneffective Representation\u201d motion, \u201cFresh Evidence\u201d motion, and constitutional\n     challenges against the legality of <em>Section\n     319(2)<\/em> and the violation of his 11(f) rights.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART V &#8211; TIME ESTIMATES<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>The time estimated for oral argument of The Appellant and The Respondent\n     is as follows:<br>\n     i. &nbsp;120 minutes for The Appellant;<br>\n     ii. 120 minutes for The Respondent; <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iii. 30 minutes\nfor The Appellant to buttress his arguments;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DATED at Toronto, this 26th of January, 2020. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ____________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dr. James N.\nSears<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SCHEDULE A: AUTHORITIES CITED (\u201cpromotion of hatred\u201d cases from <em>Mugesera<\/em> down)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol><li><em>R. v. Dinardo, <\/em>[2008] 1 SCR 788<\/li><li><em>R. v. R.P<\/em>., [2012] S.C.J. No. 22\n(S.C.C.)<\/li><li><em>R. v. Villaroman<\/em>, [2016] S.C.J. No. 33<\/li><li><em>R. v. Sinclair<\/em>, 2011 SCC 40, [2011] 3\nS.C.R. 3<\/li><li><em>R. v. Sheppard<\/em>, 2002 SCC 26, [2002] 1\nS.C.R. 869<\/li><li><em>R. v. R.E.M.<\/em>, 2008 SCC 51, [2008] 3\nS.C.R. 3<\/li><li><em>R. v. Morrissey<\/em>, 1995 CanLII 3498 (ON\nCA)<\/li><li><em>R v Movchan<\/em>, 2016 ABQB 317 (CanLII)<\/li><li><em>Mugesera v. Canada<\/em>, 2005 SCC 40\n(CanLII), [2005] 2 SCR 100<\/li><li><em>R. v. Keegstra<\/em>, 1996 ABCA 308<\/li><li><em>R. v. Keegstra<\/em>, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 697 (contains complete details of the offence)<\/li><li><em>R. v. Zundel<\/em>, [1988] O.J. No. 4 657 (law for \u201cSpreading False News\u201d struck down)<\/li><li><em>R. v Mahr<\/em>, 2010 ONCJ 216<\/li><li><em>R. v Noble<\/em>, 2008 BCSC 215 (contains complete details of the offence)<\/li><li><em>R. v. Noble<\/em>, 2008 BCSC 216<\/li><li><em>R. v. Presseault<\/em>, 2007 QCCQ 384<\/li><li><em>R. v. Mackenzie<\/em>, 2016 ABPC 173<\/li><li><em>R. v. Brazau<\/em>, [2014] O.J. No. 1117 (contains complete details of the offence)<\/li><li><em>R. v Brazau<\/em>, [2014] O.J. No. 2080<\/li><li><em>R. v. Topham<\/em>, 2017 BCSC 551<\/li><li><em>R. v. Andrews<\/em>, 65 O.R. (2d) 161 (C.<\/li><li><em>R. v. Harding<\/em>, [2001] O.J. No. 32 5 (Ont. S.C.)<\/li><li><em>R. v. Lelas<\/em>, [1990] O.J. No. 1587 (C.A.)[1990] O.J. No. 1587 (C.A.)<\/li><li><em>R. v. Brazau<\/em>, 2016 ONSC 14842016 ONSC 1484<\/li><li><em>R. c. Castonguay<\/em>, 2013 QCCQ 42852013 QCCQ 4285<\/li><li><em>R. v. Reinhard Gustav\nMueller<\/em>, (2006) No. 040910531Q2, Alberta, Edmonton\nRegistry<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SCHEDULE B: LEGISLATION CITED<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>All references are to the <em>Criminal\nCode<\/em>.<br>\n<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  &nbsp;\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE\n  Central East Region\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  BETWEEN\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  Respondent\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  &#8211; and &#8211;\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  JAMES SEARS\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  Appellant\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  \n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  \n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  \n  FACTUM OF THE\n  APPELLANT\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  \n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  DR. JAMES N. SEARS\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  6 Kew Beach Avenue\n  Upper Floor\n  Toronto. Ontario\n  M4L 1B7\n  <em>&nbsp;<\/em>\n  Self-Represented\n  &nbsp;\n  &nbsp;\n  &nbsp;\n  &nbsp;\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ONTARIO SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE (Toronto Region) BETWEEN HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN Respondent &#8211; and &#8211; JAMES SEARS Appellant APPELLANT&#8217;S FACTUM Dr. James N. Sears 6 Kew Beach Avenue Upper Floor Toronto, ON M4L 1B7 Email: leader@NCparty.ca Tel: 416.488.6142 APPELLANT&#8217;S &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/?p=4624\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4624"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4624"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4626,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4624\/revisions\/4626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe.nfshost.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<br />
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